US Inflation Rate by Year
Inflation for every year since 1914, measured by the Consumer Price Index, with the latest 12-month rate and the date of the next release.
US inflation rate by year, 1914 to 2025
Every year since 1914
Inflation measured both ways, newest first. CPI is the index level, 1982 to 1984 = 100.
| Year | Average CPI | Annual average | December CPI | Dec. to Dec. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 321.943 | 2.6% | 324.054 | 2.7% |
| 2024 | 313.689 | 2.9% | 315.605 | 2.9% |
| 2023 | 304.702 | 4.1% | 306.746 | 3.4% |
| 2022 | 292.655 | 8.0% | 296.797 | 6.5% |
| 2021 | 270.970 | 4.7% | 278.802 | 7.0% |
| 2020 | 258.811 | 1.2% | 260.474 | 1.4% |
| 2019 | 255.657 | 1.8% | 256.974 | 2.3% |
| 2018 | 251.107 | 2.4% | 251.233 | 1.9% |
| 2017 | 245.120 | 2.1% | 246.524 | 2.1% |
| 2016 | 240.007 | 1.3% | 241.432 | 2.1% |
| 2015 | 237.017 | 0.1% | 236.525 | 0.7% |
| 2014 | 236.736 | 1.6% | 234.812 | 0.8% |
| 2013 | 232.957 | 1.5% | 233.049 | 1.5% |
| 2012 | 229.594 | 2.1% | 229.601 | 1.7% |
| 2011 | 224.939 | 3.2% | 225.672 | 3.0% |
| 2010 | 218.056 | 1.6% | 219.179 | 1.5% |
| 2009 | 214.537 | −0.4% | 215.949 | 2.7% |
| 2008 | 215.303 | 3.8% | 210.228 | 0.1% |
| 2007 | 207.342 | 2.8% | 210.036 | 4.1% |
| 2006 | 201.6 | 3.2% | 201.8 | 2.5% |
| 2005 | 195.3 | 3.4% | 196.8 | 3.4% |
| 2004 | 188.9 | 2.7% | 190.3 | 3.3% |
| 2003 | 184.0 | 2.3% | 184.3 | 1.9% |
| 2002 | 179.9 | 1.6% | 180.9 | 2.4% |
| 2001 | 177.1 | 2.8% | 176.7 | 1.6% |
| 2000 | 172.2 | 3.4% | 174.0 | 3.4% |
| 1999 | 166.6 | 2.2% | 168.3 | 2.7% |
| 1998 | 163.0 | 1.6% | 163.9 | 1.6% |
| 1997 | 160.5 | 2.3% | 161.3 | 1.7% |
| 1996 | 156.9 | 3.0% | 158.6 | 3.3% |
| 1995 | 152.4 | 2.8% | 153.5 | 2.5% |
| 1994 | 148.2 | 2.6% | 149.7 | 2.7% |
| 1993 | 144.5 | 3.0% | 145.8 | 2.7% |
| 1992 | 140.3 | 3.0% | 141.9 | 2.9% |
| 1991 | 136.2 | 4.2% | 137.9 | 3.1% |
| 1990 | 130.7 | 5.4% | 133.8 | 6.1% |
| 1989 | 124.0 | 4.8% | 126.1 | 4.6% |
| 1988 | 118.3 | 4.1% | 120.5 | 4.4% |
| 1987 | 113.6 | 3.6% | 115.4 | 4.4% |
| 1986 | 109.6 | 1.9% | 110.5 | 1.1% |
| 1985 | 107.6 | 3.6% | 109.3 | 3.8% |
| 1984 | 103.9 | 4.3% | 105.3 | 3.9% |
| 1983 | 99.6 | 3.2% | 101.3 | 3.8% |
| 1982 | 96.5 | 6.2% | 97.6 | 3.8% |
| 1981 | 90.9 | 10.3% | 94.0 | 8.9% |
| 1980 | 82.4 | 13.5% | 86.3 | 12.5% |
| 1979 | 72.6 | 11.3% | 76.7 | 13.3% |
| 1978 | 65.2 | 7.6% | 67.7 | 9.0% |
| 1977 | 60.6 | 6.5% | 62.1 | 6.7% |
| 1976 | 56.9 | 5.8% | 58.2 | 4.9% |
| 1975 | 53.8 | 9.1% | 55.5 | 6.9% |
| 1974 | 49.3 | 11.0% | 51.9 | 12.3% |
| 1973 | 44.4 | 6.2% | 46.2 | 8.7% |
| 1972 | 41.8 | 3.2% | 42.5 | 3.4% |
| 1971 | 40.5 | 4.4% | 41.1 | 3.3% |
| 1970 | 38.8 | 5.7% | 39.8 | 5.6% |
| 1969 | 36.7 | 5.5% | 37.7 | 6.2% |
| 1968 | 34.8 | 4.2% | 35.5 | 4.7% |
| 1967 | 33.4 | 3.1% | 33.9 | 3.0% |
| 1966 | 32.4 | 2.9% | 32.9 | 3.5% |
| 1965 | 31.5 | 1.6% | 31.8 | 1.9% |
| 1964 | 31.0 | 1.3% | 31.2 | 1.0% |
| 1963 | 30.6 | 1.3% | 30.9 | 1.6% |
| 1962 | 30.2 | 1.0% | 30.4 | 1.3% |
| 1961 | 29.9 | 1.0% | 30.0 | 0.7% |
| 1960 | 29.6 | 1.7% | 29.8 | 1.4% |
| 1959 | 29.1 | 0.7% | 29.4 | 1.7% |
| 1958 | 28.9 | 2.8% | 28.9 | 1.8% |
| 1957 | 28.1 | 3.3% | 28.4 | 2.9% |
| 1956 | 27.2 | 1.5% | 27.6 | 3.0% |
| 1955 | 26.8 | −0.4% | 26.8 | 0.4% |
| 1954 | 26.9 | 0.7% | 26.7 | −0.7% |
| 1953 | 26.7 | 0.8% | 26.9 | 0.7% |
| 1952 | 26.5 | 1.9% | 26.7 | 0.8% |
| 1951 | 26.0 | 7.9% | 26.5 | 6.0% |
| 1950 | 24.1 | 1.3% | 25.0 | 5.9% |
| 1949 | 23.8 | −1.2% | 23.6 | −2.1% |
| 1948 | 24.1 | 8.1% | 24.1 | 3.0% |
| 1947 | 22.3 | 14.4% | 23.4 | 8.8% |
| 1946 | 19.5 | 8.3% | 21.5 | 18.1% |
| 1945 | 18.0 | 2.3% | 18.2 | 2.2% |
| 1944 | 17.6 | 1.7% | 17.8 | 2.3% |
| 1943 | 17.3 | 6.1% | 17.4 | 3.0% |
| 1942 | 16.3 | 10.9% | 16.9 | 9.0% |
| 1941 | 14.7 | 5.0% | 15.5 | 9.9% |
| 1940 | 14.0 | 0.7% | 14.1 | 0.7% |
| 1939 | 13.9 | −1.4% | 14.0 | 0.0% |
| 1938 | 14.1 | −2.1% | 14.0 | −2.8% |
| 1937 | 14.4 | 3.6% | 14.4 | 2.9% |
| 1936 | 13.9 | 1.5% | 14.0 | 1.4% |
| 1935 | 13.7 | 2.2% | 13.8 | 3.0% |
| 1934 | 13.4 | 3.1% | 13.4 | 1.5% |
| 1933 | 13.0 | −5.1% | 13.2 | 0.8% |
| 1932 | 13.7 | −9.9% | 13.1 | −10.3% |
| 1931 | 15.2 | −9.0% | 14.6 | −9.3% |
| 1930 | 16.7 | −2.3% | 16.1 | −6.4% |
| 1929 | 17.1 | 0.0% | 17.2 | 0.6% |
| 1928 | 17.1 | −1.7% | 17.1 | −1.2% |
| 1927 | 17.4 | −1.7% | 17.3 | −2.3% |
| 1926 | 17.7 | 1.1% | 17.7 | −1.1% |
| 1925 | 17.5 | 2.3% | 17.9 | 3.5% |
| 1924 | 17.1 | 0.0% | 17.3 | 0.0% |
| 1923 | 17.1 | 1.8% | 17.3 | 2.4% |
| 1922 | 16.8 | −6.1% | 16.9 | −2.3% |
| 1921 | 17.9 | −10.5% | 17.3 | −10.8% |
| 1920 | 20.0 | 15.6% | 19.4 | 2.6% |
| 1919 | 17.3 | 14.6% | 18.9 | 14.5% |
| 1918 | 15.1 | 18.0% | 16.5 | 20.4% |
| 1917 | 12.8 | 17.4% | 13.7 | 18.1% |
| 1916 | 10.9 | 7.9% | 11.6 | 12.6% |
| 1915 | 10.1 | 1.0% | 10.3 | 2.0% |
| 1914 | 10.0 | 1.0% | 10.1 | 1.0% |
Average inflation by decade
Compound average a year, and the total rise in prices across the decade.
| Decade | A year | Total |
|---|---|---|
| 1910s1914 to 1919 | 9.7% | 75% |
| 1920s | −0.1% | −1.2% |
| 1930s | −2.1% | −19% |
| 1940s | 5.5% | 71% |
| 1950s | 2.0% | 22% |
| 1960s | 2.3% | 26% |
| 1970s | 7.1% | 98% |
| 1980s | 5.5% | 71% |
| 1990s | 3.0% | 34% |
| 2000s | 2.6% | 29% |
| 2010s | 1.8% | 19% |
| 2020s2020 to 2025 | 3.9% | 26% |
Highs and lows
- 18.0% in 1918, the highest annual average on record. December to December, the peak was 20.4% in 1918.
- 14.4% in 1947, the highest since the Second World War.
- 8.0% in 2022, the highest since 1981.
- 10 years above 10%. The most recent was 1981.
- 13 years of falling prices, deepest in 1921 (−10.5%) and 1932 (−9.9%). The most recent was 2009 (−0.4%).
The last 24 months
The 12-month rate for each month, the figure reported as the inflation rate when BLS publishes the CPI.
| Month | CPI | 12-month change |
|---|---|---|
| September 2026 | 336.940 | 3.7% |
| August 2026 | 334.980 | 3.4% |
| July 2026 | 333.918 | 3.4% |
| June 2026 | 333.952 | 3.5% |
| May 2026 | 335.123 | 4.2% |
| April 2026 | 333.020 | 3.8% |
| March 2026 | 330.213 | 3.3% |
| February 2026 | 326.785 | 2.4% |
| January 2026 | 325.252 | 2.4% |
| December 2025 | 324.054 | 2.7% |
| November 2025 | 324.122 | 2.7% |
| October 2025 | Not published | n/a |
| September 2025 | 324.800 | 3.0% |
| August 2025 | 323.976 | 2.9% |
| July 2025 | 323.048 | 2.7% |
| June 2025 | 322.561 | 2.7% |
| May 2025 | 321.465 | 2.4% |
| April 2025 | 320.795 | 2.3% |
| March 2025 | 319.799 | 2.4% |
| February 2025 | 319.082 | 2.8% |
| January 2025 | 317.671 | 3.0% |
| December 2024 | 315.605 | 2.9% |
| November 2024 | 315.493 | 2.7% |
| October 2024 | 315.664 | 2.6% |
Next CPI releases
BLS publishes each month's figures at 8:30 a.m. Eastern time on these dates.
| Figures for | Release date |
|---|---|
| October 2026 | Tue 10 Nov 2026 |
| November 2026 | Thu 10 Dec 2026 |
| December 2026 | Wed 13 Jan 2027 |
| January 2027 | Thu 11 Feb 2027 |
Questions readers ask
What is the current US inflation rate?
3.7% over the 12 months to September 2026, measured by the CPI-U before seasonal adjustment. In August the rate was 3.4%. BLS publishes October figures on Tuesday 10 November 2026 at 8:30 a.m. Eastern time.
Which year had the highest inflation in the US?
1918, when the annual average CPI rose 18.0%. December to December, the record is 20.4% in 1918. Since the Second World War the highest was 14.4% in 1947, and the 2022 rate of 8.0% was the highest since 1981.
What was the inflation rate in 2025?
2.6% on an annual average basis, and 2.7% from December 2024 to December 2025. BLS calculated the 2025 average from 11 months because it published no index for October 2025.
What is the average inflation rate in the US?
3.2% a year, compounded, from 1913 to 2025 using annual averages. Since 2000 it has averaged 2.6% a year. Prices in 2025 averaged 32.5 times their 1913 level.
How often have US prices fallen?
In 13 of the 112 years from 1914 to 2025, the annual average price level was lower than the year before. The steepest falls came in 1921, when prices fell 10.5%, and 1932, when they fell 9.9%. The most recent was 2009, when prices fell 0.4%.
The bigger picture, every Monday
One research brief on the dollar, the debt and the assets being repriced around them.